0506-Week11
- Oscar Wilde
Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde was an Irish author, playwright and poet.
Works: The Happy Prince and Other Tales - Themes in Romeo and Juliet: love at first sight
- poetry
one of the three major genres of imaginative literature, which has its origins in music and oral performance and is characterized by controlled patterns of rhythm and syntax (often using meter and rhyme); compression and compactness and an allowance for ambiguity; a particularly concentrated emphasis on the sensual, especially visual and aural, qualities and effects of words and word order; and especially vivid, often figurative language. - sound and sense an introduction to poetry
- Didacticism
Didacticism is a philosophy that emphasizes instructional and informative qualities in literature and other types of art. The term has its origin in the Ancient Greek word, meaning "related to education and teaching", and signified learning in a fascinating and intriguing manner. - Quote: "Traveling is a fool's paradise."
Definition: "A fool's paradise" is defined as a state of happiness based on a person's not knowing about or denying the existence of potential trouble.
Poetry
- Chinese poetry: an obligation to fulfill its expectation
Western poetry: to demonstrate its personality or character
- Sonnet
A sonnet is a poetic form which originated in Italy. By the thirteenth century it signified a poem of fourteen lines that follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific structure.
→William Shakespeare’s sonnet: "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day" - Free verse
Free verse is an open form of poetry. It does not use consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or any other musical pattern. It thus tends to follow the rhythm of natural speech.
→E .E. Cummings' "somewhere i have never travelled,gladly beyond" - Lyric poetry
Lyric poetry is a form of poetry which expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in the first person.
→William Wordsworth’s “I wandered lonely as a cloud” (romanticism)
Glossary
- rhyme
repetition or correspondence of the terminal sounds of words. The most common type, end rhyme, occurs when the last words in two or more lines of a poem rhyme with each other. - rhyme scheme
the pattern of end rhymes in a poem, often noted by small letters, such as abab or abba. - iambic
referring to a metrical form in which each foot consists of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one; this type of foot is an iamb. The most common poetic meter in English is iambic pentameter—a metrical form in which most lines consist of five iambs (v/|v/|v/|v/|v/). - pentameter
a line of poetry with five feet: "Nuns fret | not at | their con- | vent’s nar- | row room." - hexameter
a line of poetry with six feet: "She comes, | she comes | again, | like ring | dove frayed | and fl ed" (Keats, The Eve of St. Agnes). - dactyl 長短格
A dactyl is a foot in poetic meter. In quantitative verse, a dactyl is a long syllable followed by two short syllables, as determined by syllable weight. In accentual verse, often used in English, it is a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables. - spondee 長長格
In poetry, a spondee is a metrical foot consisting of two long syllables, as determined by syllable weight in classical meters, or two stressed syllables, as determined by stress in modern meters. - trochee 長短格
In poetic meter, a trochee or choree, choreus, is a metrical foot consisting of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed one in English. - ottava rima
a form of poetry consisting of stanzas of eight lines of ten or eleven syllables, rhyming abababcc. - sestina
a poem with six stanzas of six lines and a final triplet, all stanzas having the same six words at the line-ends in six different sequences that follow a fixed pattern, and with all six words appearing in the closing three-line envoi. - terza rima
an arrangement of triplets, especially in iambs, that rhyme aba bcb cdc , etc., as in Dante's Divine Comedy. - ballad stanza
a four-line stanza in iambic meter in which the first and third unrhymed lines have four metrical feet and the second and fourth rhyming lines have three metrical feet. - simile 明喻
A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two things through the explicit use of connecting words (such as like, as, so, than, or various verbs such as resemble).
- metaphor 暗喻
A metaphor is a figure of speech that identifies something as being the same as some unrelated thing for rhetorical effect, thus highlighting the similarities between the two. While a simile compares two items, a metaphor may compare or directly equate them, and so does not necessarily apply any distancing words of comparison, such as "like" or "as". - personification
the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.
Syllables
- di-→two, twice, double
Example: differ - dic-→to say, to tell, to speak
Example: diction - glee (n.)
Meaning: great delight. - jocund (adj.)
Meaning: cheerful and lighthearted. - gay (adj.)
Meaning: lighthearted and carefree. - -tude→Condition, state, or quality
solitude (n.)
Meaning: the state or situation of being alone. - ter-→From Latin ter (“three times”).
tertiary (n.)
Meaning: third in order or level. - penta-→five
pentagon (n.)
Meaning: a plane figure with five straight sides and five angles. - hexa-→Forming compound words with the sense of "six".
hexagon (n.)
Meaning: a plane figure with six straight sides and angles.